One of the reasons reported in the literature to explain this failure rate is the poor patient tolerance to the NIV interface. The rate of failure for this procedure in acute patients ranges from 7% to 49%. Nevertheless for various reasons, NIV is not always successful. In an acute setting, NIV reduces the risk of endotracheal intubation and facilitates the weaning process from mechanical ventilation. Over the last two decades, the use of NIV has increased markedly in the treatment of both acute and chronic respiratory failure. Using this technique, pressurized gas is delivered to the airways through one of a variety of interfaces, such as a mouthpiece or a nasal or facial mask. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) defines a method of mechanical ventilation that does not require endotracheal intubation.
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